Receiving apparatus for wireless telegraphy.



PATENTED" JUNE 18, 196?.

A L. ARNSON.

\ RECEIVING APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

APPLI'QATNN FILED 1330.20. 1905.

.BY t

I M ATTORNEYS mums maul-MA,-

m.- s57.s75. y PATENTED JUNE 18,1991

. .L.--ARNSON. REGEIVING APPARATUS'POR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHYr APPLICATION PILEDDEO. 20, 1905.

F ZSHBETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTQR v ATTORNEYS VLUDWIG ABNSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

RECEIVING PPARATUS FOR WlREhESS TELEGRAPHY;

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 18 1907.

Application filed December 20, 1906. Serial No. 292,682.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that'I, LUDWIG ARNSON, a

citizen of the United States of America, and residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the v city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Receiving Apparatus for vlreless Telegraphy, of which thef ollowing-is a speci fication. The ObJGCt'Of my invention 1s to provide for'wireless telegraph systems, a receiving ap'-" paratus which will be very sensitive, very re-l liable, and not apt 'to get out of order.

In the accom anying drawings Figure 1- is an end view 0 part of the apparatus; Fig. -2 is a face'view of the same; pa'r'tly'in section; and' Fig. 3 isa diagram illustrating the various circuits of thereceiving ap 'aratus;

carrying out my invention, provide ture,'in combination with a counter-balsam equal torque against the first, andwiththese I U fie ds the oscillating-waves of the aerial to cause a modification of the normal torque on the corresponding armature, and this modification is indicatedor detected by suitable means; such, for-example, as atelephone receiver/ The motor. may'be'of the -=uniphase, splitphase orpolypha'se alternat ing field, but the armature should be without colls and sooons'tructed as to avoid generation ofedd currents but tos-be magnetically iniiuenced iby the-rotatihg'field to'give a' toijqu'e' fbyfhysteritic, leg. 1;:- Such a 'motor '1,

3 willjthere designate as a hysteresis motor. I

Tin-the drawings I havePshowirltwo like polyphase hysteresis motors A and N, 'Fig.

4 5 ried uponthesame shaft eld magnethas s nne wefasfllsilal foria polyphaselaindilction mot H I of coils-is indicated atF inFig. 1. In Fig. 3,

an induction motor with-a magnetlc field; acting upon a. magneticaily influenced arma'- ture to produce by hysteresis,,-: a"normaltorque or moment of rotation of'the arma are Wound on non-magnetic insulating cores; ingmeans', such as alike motor exerting'an I 4 F, Fig. 1. provide means for imposing on'one of the-- is counterbalanced by'the a'ctionof the other. ing currenttype and-with magnetically rotator. Onlyons set however, I have diagrammaticallyindicated; each motor as a three-phase motor. By virtue of these windings, 1, 2, 3, the fieldof the motor'A rotates magnetically in thedi 6o rection of the arrow, Fig. 1, for example, whereas the windings-'1 2 3?, of the second motor field A lare such as tb cause the field to rotate magnetically in the"opposite direction, and .c0nseql13i ntly the normal torque on one armature is exactly counterbaL anc'ed by the normal torque on theother armature, and the shaft X therefore normally remains, stationary. Between the inner face of the field magnetiof each of these. H10? tors 1 and their armatures' is .left a space .0, Fig.1, corresponding to aBlarge-air gap. In this gap'C'in the motor-A are "primary and secondary windin s, the primary P, Fig'.-3, being in a circuit etween the aerial -W "'and a-counterpoise ortheearth E, while theseeondary S, Fig. "3, is in a:clo s ed ;'oscillating' circuit containing a variable inductance-N" and capacity K. I These windings -P\ aildt-S 8o Fig. 2,jw ithin thefield created by thecoils Within the same space!) between the coils. and the armatures in both motors, are mounted thecoils 0,0; "of the local'0scii\85 latorycircuit, Fig. 3, 'hereinafter referredto,

these coils 0, O beingwound in opposition to eachotheron the two motors, that is, vso that any eflectof electric'oscillations in one The two fields'of the motors A and Aff; be ing soconnec'ted from an outside source of current, as to rotate magnetically in opposite directions, the normal torque exerted on the .one armature on the shaft will be exactly 9 5 counterbalanced by the normal torque exerted oni'the other armature,- and-of course no'rotation oftheshaft will take place. And

the action of thelocaloscillating circuit be:

ingfpxerted-to oppose each other in the two rco motors alike, that willproduce nomechan-- .ical efiect upon the armature, but if there be imposed upon the field of one of the motors (motorA-in; the case supposed), an oscillating' wave. fromthe'; rimary of the aerial cir- .cuit', the ,hysteritic ag in thjatmotor will be reducedandja torque exerted 0D,.the whole 'syst'e ,-,equal' to' lthe',difference-between the two pposedtorques. This torque may; be

in cated-or detected'in various ways..,JI--r1o prefer to do it by the aid'of a tele honic re: ceiver. For this purpose the she) tX may Ibe provided with a crank pina: actin I upon a lever Gfwhi-ch has a slot 9, Fi 1, or the I "free'passageof-the shaft X, an. is pivoted at 9 to a'post g This lever acts on aplunger in a recelver. D containing carbon or like resistance in series with a battery (I and telephonicreceiver R in a local circuit, as indicated in Fig. 3. Adjustable-springs J, J,

' may be apgliedto act u on opposite sides of the lever to tend to central position. 1 1

In connection with and as art of the recciver above described lpre er to use the tuning apparatus illustrated in Fig. 3',"and comprising a local oscillatory circuit in ineep it inits normal ductiverelation to the receiving oscillatory j circuit. This tuningap'paratus is to secure a greater degree of selectivity-than hasbeen heretofore -'obtained in receiving wireless telegraphlf messagesf The method :heretofore employedfto tune'the receiver so that it apparatusv ma be accomplished ina limite way,"butfat t eexpense ofefficiency of the receiver, since such use of condensers causes loss of" energy in the receiving apparatus.

I'overcome this difficulty by usin a local tuning circuit energized-by a loca source of energyifatithe receivingstation so as to there generatein the-local circuit- ,waves of small arnplitude to; correspond'with the waves comingjin on the receivingaerialfrom the sending statlon whose messages 1t'1s de sired to take. In carrying out my invention,

I provide 'a' "primary circuit ener'gized by a local battery or other generator and in this v circuit is placed a coil or any other producer of high potentials and 'spark.. Across a spark ga I place a high frequency circuit, as usual y employed, containing few turns of wire and a condenser.

quenoy, or, expressed in'another form, for

Wave-"length desired and which can be pre-.

determined. l I

In inductive -relationwith' the high freuency circuitrthereis'1placed a radiator .of ertzian waves; Oneend is earthed, and theijother end terminates in a metallic surface havin a littlearea for purposes of radiation.

The escribed. devices, except this last' radiat' surface, should be inclosed ina box, and. t er'sourceof current may itself be placed inj this box. 1 This makes acomplete arrangement for-locally lglenerating' high frequency oscillations and ertzian waves.

In'connection with the above radiating surface, I provide a surface for absorbing the radiations emitted. Between the emitter Both of these are variable and can be adjusted for any freof radiating oscillations. [H is earthed, as indicated at E, Fig. 3.

. adjustable screen 7L2.

and the absorber I place an adjustable screen. In inductive relation'to this absorbing surface 1s another oscillating circuit containing inductance and capacity both variable, to be adjusted to correspond to the frequency of the .waves generated by the local energizer, and this part'of the apparatus is also inclosed in a box. oscillating circuit hasin it the coils in the rotating magnetic field in the detector proper.

.The locally generated waves are thus superimposed on both of the fields equally, and, hence, have no efiect on the movement of the armatures, as the torque remains equal in both directions. As there is another local oscillating circuit inductivel related to the last, this will. also have oscil ations induced in it due to its proximity to the sympathetic tuned circuits coming out of the box. This secondary, as we may call the tuned circuit shown between the aerial and the coils-in the rotaryfield, (forming part of the symathetic oscillator inthe box) is also afiected by the waves from the aerial. The action then on the side of the receiver having the aerialis most complex, and the resultant energy component of the waves will, if

weaker than the almost constant energy component of the waves induced in the other .field oscillator coil, increase the torque on the aerial side and cause rotational tendency in the direction of. the rotating field on the aerial side and, if stron er, vice versa. The

amplitude of the local y generated oscillations is governed by the size of the adjustable aperture in the screen partition which can be re'ulated at will. Thus, the amplitude and t e The local energizer comprises a battery 5, induction coil with oscillator 6, spark, gap 7 and variable inductance '8 and capacity 9,

The inductance 8 serves as a primary for the secondary coil 9, one end of which is electrically connected to the metallic inclosing box H. 'This inclosing box localizes the generatedbscillations. The other end of the secondary coil 9 passes through an insulation in the wall of the box and terminates in a metallic surface, such as a plate or rod T, capable The inclosing box The local sympathetic oscillator comprises a'primary coil'm earthed at one end, as through the ,inclos ing metallic casing H which is shown as-united with the casing H.

At the other end, the-c0il m is connected to the radiating surface T, but these two surfaces are separated'from each other by a diaphragmh with an opening 7L adapted to be more or less closed by a sliding or otherwise By suitably adjusting this screen (as through the nut n on the threaded stem ofthe screen) the opening between the two surfaces T and T may bein- This second eriodicity of the local circuits can be varie' at will.

creased ondecreas'ed to increase or reduce the amplitude or intensity of the'local oscillacludingthe coils 0,10 before mentioned.

This circuit also contains a capacity 0 By the construction described, the battery 5 afi ords a, means of energizing the local oscillator from a .localsource. .The oscillationsin the local primary energizing-circuit 5, 6, 7, '8, and-9 induce oscillations'ofcorres' onding frequency in the secondaryv g-and t e'se are radiate fromthesurfacefll. The-Oscillations radiate from the'latter .arereceived the by the adjustable: screen h These-b fillaa tionsithus produced in coil 'mL induce 'c o rre-- spondi-n oscillations in the circuitncbntainin'g the coil ii laiid also the two coils Ojfaiid Ct of the I counterbalanced armatures of the hysteresis motor, in-this way,the l'requ'ency of the local oscillations can be adjusted and m a local source." The 'ampliregulated ,tude of those oscillations also canbe adjusted in relation to the amplitudeof the incoming efiect of the 'the boxes. 5

for counter alancing the normal "torque on waves of thejaerial circuit. g l v The inclosi'ng boxes H and H protect the receiving apparatusA, A from any. undue locahoscillator contained within im as'm'y invention 1 Areceivingapparatusfor wireless teleg-- raphy, coni rising a hysteresis motor, means the armature, a primarycoilfor connection in the aerial circuit, a secondary-in a circuit r containing variable inductance and capacity,

such primary .and secondary i being woundadjacentto the field coilsof the motor, and means for indicating the resultingmodifica- 1 tions of the torque.

2.-;A receiving apparatus for wireless teleg raphy, comprising two motors with'connecting-armatures and field windings, the normal torque on one armature counterbalancing. the normal torque on the other, a primary coil forcon'nection in theaerial circuit, a secondary in a circuit containing variable invductance and capacity, such primary and secondary being wound adjacent to the field oscillatorycircuit wound within the field of the twomotors, but to counterbalance each other and means for indicating modifications of-the torque. q

Q 3. A receiving apparatus for wireless teleg- 'raphy,-com rising an aerial, two-hysteresis .motors wit connected'armatures and field 'ture counterbalancing .the normal torque on the "othergmeans for'iinposing on one of the fields} wave oscillations--from ,the aerial, a sym jatheticoscillator having coils wound font e two'motors 'but in opposition, and a surface T ,.and1their amplitudeis regu ated ..-local--ene "gizer or oscillator generator.

4...'A recei ving apparatus for wireless telegtor, means for 'imposingu on the field of the latteri wave oscillations rom the aerial, 'a' sympathetic oscillator liavingcoils in con- -'.nection with said motor} a localenergizer of oscillations and an inclosing metallic box.

raph'y, comprising anf aerial, a hysteresis molatter' wav'e osci ations omfthe aerial, a

with said moter,-a local energizer of oscillations in 'lIlClOSlIlg- .box and means, for

ator

. screen between theradiating surfaces;

In testimony whereof I have signed'my name to this specification, the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LUDWIG ARNso Witnessesi MADGE E. KE1R,'

EDNA -W. COLLINS.

coils of one of said motors, coils in alocal' raphy, comprising an aerial, a hysteresis mo- 7 5.. A're'ceiving apparatus-for wireless telegtoe-means for im' osing u on the field of the;

reducing the action of the local ener zed windings, the normal torque on one armas'ympatheticos'cillator having-coilsin c'onrici V 

